Nephrology is the medical specialty aimed at preventing, diagnosing and treating kidney disease. The function of the kidneys is to filter the blood, ensure chemical balances (mineral salts, acidity), but also regulate blood pressure, stimulate the production of red blood cells, etc.This management ranges from the earliest banal symptoms ( for example: presence of blood or protein in the urine, for example) to complications such as chronic renal failure which is now treated very effectively.When the kidney is no longer able to ensure its vital functions, the nephrologist may suggest that the patient resort to dialysis.